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为了查明塔里木盆地库车坳陷新近系吉迪克组的沉积环境演化及其对铀成矿的制约机制，对采集的29件砂、泥岩样品（红褐色9件，灰绿色20件）进行了主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学分析。研究结果表明：吉迪克组沉积物主要源自活动大陆边缘构造背景下的中-酸性火成岩区，源区经历了初等-中等程度的化学风化（CIA均值约62），沉积过程伴随快速的构造剥蚀与堆积。吉迪克组沉积时期总体处于干旱-半干旱气候背景，红褐色与灰绿色岩层记录了显著的环境分异：红褐色岩层形成于干旱炎热气候下的强氧化、半咸水浅水环境，表现为高w(Sr)/w(Cu)比值及低w(V)/w(Cr)、w(Ni)/w(Co)比值；灰绿色岩层则形成于相对湿润期的高盐度（咸水-超咸水）、弱氧化-弱还原过渡环境，具有极高的w(Sr)/（Ba）比值。这种受古气候旋回控制的“红-绿”岩性组合为铀成矿提供了有利条件：红褐色氧化砂体构成了含铀富氧流体的运移通道，而高盐度且具还原能力的灰绿色岩层则提供了关键的还原障壁与沉淀空间。
Abstract：To investigate the paleoenvironmental evolution and its constraints on uranium mineralization of the Neogene Jidike formation in the Kuqa depression,Tarim basin,this study analyzed major,trace,and rare earth elements of 29 sandstone and mudstone samples(comprising red-brown and gray-green lithologies) from the western Qiulitage structural belt. The results indicate that the sediments were primarily derived from intermediateacidic igneous rocks in an active continental margin setting. The source area underwent incipient to moderate chemical weathering(average CIA ≈ 62),characterized by rapid tectonic erosion and deposition. The Jidike formation was deposited under an overall arid to semi-arid climate with distinct environmental differentiation: red-brown beds record a strongly oxidizing,brackish environment under hot-arid conditions, evidenced by high w(Sr)/w(Cu) and low w(V)/w(Cr) and w(Ni)/w(Co) ratios;whereas gray-green beds were formed in saline to hypersaline(high w(Sr)/w(Ba)), transitional weak oxidation-weak reduction environments during relatively humid periods. This “red-green” lithological combination, controlled by paleoclimatic cycles,provides essential elements for uranium mineralization: the red-brown oxidized sandbodies serve as migration channels for uranium-rich oxygenated fluids,while the high-salinity, reducing gray-green beds act as critical reduction barriers and precipitation spaces.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:P619.14
引用信息:
[1]耿英英 ,黄少华 ,许强 ,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷吉迪克组古环境演化及其对铀成矿的制约[J].世界核地质科学,2025,42(06):1162-1180.
基金信息:
中国核工业地质局“塔里木盆地中新生代构造-水动力系统专项编图”资助（编号：22007004）~~